Impact of Ocean Acidification on Marine Organisms—Unifying Principles and New Paradigms
نویسندگان
چکیده
This special issue combines original research with seminal reviews of the biological impact of ocean acidification. The ten contributions cover a wide range of topics from chemical and biological responses to increased CO2 and decreased pH to socio-economical sensitivities and adaptation options. Overall, this special issue also highlights the key knowledge gaps and future challenges. These include the need to develop research strategy and experiments that factor in evolution, incorporate natural variability in physical conditions (e.g., pH, temperature, oxygen, food quality and quantity) and ecological interactions. The research presented in this special issue demonstrates the need to study more habitats (e.g., coastal, deep sea) and prioritize species of ecological or economic significance.
منابع مشابه
Effects of CO2-driven ocean acidification on the early developmental stages of invertebrates
CO2 emissions arising from the burning of fossil fuels have altered seawater chemistry far more rapidly than the Earth has previously experienced, and the rate and extent of this change are expected to affect shallow water marine organisms. The increased CO2 diffuses from the atmosphere into ocean surface waters, resulting in increased partial pressure of CO2, and reduced [CO3] and pH. The CO2-...
متن کاملUsing functional genomics to explore the effects of ocean acidification on calcifying marine organisms
As the research community attempts to forecast the effects of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems, a critical element is a clear understanding of the effects of ocean acidification on an individual organism’s physiology. This article explores how the use of genomics-based tools that measure gene expression — DNA microarrays and quantitative PCR — can assist in this effort and reveal aspect...
متن کاملTowards improved socio-economic assessments of ocean acidification’s impacts
Ocean acidification is increasingly recognized as a component of global change that could have a wide range of impacts on marine organisms, the ecosystems they live in, and the goods and services they provide humankind. Assessment of these potential socio-economic impacts requires integrated efforts between biologists, chemists, oceanographers, economists and social scientists. But because ocea...
متن کاملThe economic impacts of ocean acidification
Ocean acidification caused by the increased uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide by the oceans is likely to have serious impacts on marine organisms that make shells and exoskeletons from calcium carbonate. The consequences for the provision of marine ecosystem services such as fisheries and services generated by coral reefs are uncertain but potentially severe. In this chapter we set out a fra...
متن کاملBiomarker response of climate change-induced ocean acidification and hypercapnia studies on brachyurian crab Portunus pelagicus
A laboratory level microcosm analysis of the impacts of ocean acidification on the environmental stress biomarkers in Portunus pelagicus (Linneaus 1758)exposed to a series of pH regimes expected in the year 2100 (pH 7.5 and 7.0) and leakage from a sub-seabed carbon dioxide storage site (pH 6.5 - 5.5) was carried out. Levels of the antioxidant enzyme catalase, the phase II detoxificatio...
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